![]() ![]() Within a few years after this discovery, many investigators throughout the world were studying the properties and interactions of the particle. The neutron was discovered in 1932 by the English physicist James Chadwick. The nucleus is bound together by the residual effect of the strong force, a fundamental interaction that governs the behaviour of the quarks that make up the individual protons and neutrons. The neutron is composed of two down quarks, each with 1/3 elementary charge, and one up quark, with 2/3 elementary charge. Rather, they are composites of extremely small elementary particles called quarks. Developments in high-energy particle physics in the 20th century revealed that neither the neutron nor the proton is a true elementary particle. Neutrons and protons, commonly called nucleons, are bound together in the dense inner core of an atom, the nucleus, where they account for 99.9 percent of the atom’s mass. It has no electric charge and a rest mass equal to 1.67492749804 × 10 −27 kg-marginally greater than that of the proton but 1,838.68 times greater than that of the electron. Neutron, neutral subatomic particle that is a constituent of every atomic nucleus except ordinary hydrogen.
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